PLUMBING

Fit an air admittance valve

Fit an air admittance valve to vent a sink or basin waste, following Building Regs, without running an outside vent pipe.

AB-01Check an AAV is the right fixAn air admittance valve (often called a Durgo valve) lets air into a waste pipe to stop gurgling and trap seals being sucked dry, without running a vent pipe outside. It's normally used where a new sink, basin or washing machine branch is too far from the main stack to vent conventionally. It only lets air in, never lets smells out, so it must sit above the pipework it serves and stay accessible.
RULES
KNOW THE RULES

Fitting an AAV is drainage work covered by Building Regulations Part H. The valve must be BS EN 12380 marked, fitted above the highest connection it serves, and left accessible for future replacement. If you're not using a registered installer, check with your council's building control whether this job needs notifying.

AB-02Choose the locationFit the valve at least 200mm above the spill-over level of the highest appliance it serves, standing vertically, never on its side. Put it somewhere with a supply of room air around it, such as an open cupboard or a vented loft space — not inside a sealed duct or airtight box. Check you can reach it later, since the internal seal wears out over time.
1 each · Tape measure
1 each · Spirit level (small)
AB-03Gather tools and materialsBuy an AAV sized to match your pipe (32mm, 40mm or 50mm) and an access boss or reducer to suit. Get pipe clips, a cable and pipe detector, and the right fixings for your wall type (see the support step). Have a pipe cutter or junior hacksaw, a marker pen and a cloth ready.
1 each · Air admittance valve (40mm)
1 each · Access boss / reducer (to suit pipe size)
2 each · Pipe clips
1 each · Cable and pipe detector
1 each · Pipe cutter or junior hacksaw
AB-04Protect the area and drain the pipeLay a dust sheet and put a bucket under the point you're cutting. Waste pipes hold standing water even though they're not under mains pressure, so flush the appliance or run the tap once to clear as much as you can first. Wear gloves — waste water is dirty, not just wet.
1 each · Dust sheet
1 each · Bucket
1 pair · Disposable gloves
AB-05Cut in the access bossMark the cut line at your chosen height and cut the pipe square with a pipe cutter or hacksaw and mitre box. File off any burrs so the boss seats properly. Dry-fit the boss or reducer to check it matches the valve's connection size before you commit to a joint.
1 each · Access boss / reducer
1 each · Half-round file
AB-06Fit the valvePush or solvent-weld the AAV onto the boss, following the manufacturer's instructions for your pipe material. Keep the valve upright — the arrow on the body shows the direction air must flow. Check the joint is fully home; a push-fit collar should sit flush, a solvent joint should show no gaps.
1 tin · Solvent cement (if solvent-weld fitting)
1 tube · Silicone lubricant (for push-fit joints)
AB-07Support the valve — find out what's behind the wall firstThe valve and pipe need a clip or bracket fixed to the wall or a joist so the joint doesn't sag or pull apart. Before you drill, remember cables and pipes can run almost anywhere — use a detector, but still expect something might be there and prove otherwise, because detectors miss deep cables, cables in metal conduit, anything behind metal-backed plasterboard, and metal stud frames confuse cheap detectors further. Find your stopcock (usually under the kitchen sink) and check it turns before you start, so you can shut the water off fast if you hit a pipe; if in any doubt, isolate the circuit at the consumer unit first. Work out your wall type: tap it — a dull, solid sound all over is brick or block (drill 6mm, use a wall plug and a 40mm screw); a hollow sound with solid points every 400-600mm and a stud detector or magnet finding screw heads in a line means timber studs (screw straight into the centre, no plug); a hollow sound where a pilot hole brings out fine grey swarf instead of wood dust means metal studs (use a self-drilling metal-stud screw or hollow-wall toggle — never a plastic plug or wood screw, they strip straight through 0.5mm steel); mostly hollow but solid every 300mm or so is dot-and-dab (use a 60-75mm fixing long enough to pass through the board and dab void into the masonry behind); and an older wall that sounds hollow and slightly springy under light taps is lath and plaster (find the timber batten behind it, or use a lath-rated spring toggle, and drill gently as the plaster crumbles easily).
1 each · Cable and pipe detector
1 pack · Red wall plugs and 40mm screws (brick/block)
1 pack · 40mm woodscrews (timber stud)
1 pack · Self-drilling metal-stud screws or hollow-wall toggle (metal stud)
1 pack · 60-75mm masonry fixing (dot-and-dab)
1 pack · Spring toggle fixing (lath and plaster)
AB-08Test the systemRun the tap or flush the appliance the valve serves and watch every joint for drips. Hold your hand near the valve while the waste is running — a slight draw of air is normal as it opens and closes. Leave it running for a minute or two before you move on.
1 each · Cloth
AB-09Check ventilation before boxing inIf the valve sits inside a cupboard or behind a panel, make sure there's still a vent grille or a decent air gap so room air can reach it. Don't seal it into an airtight box — it needs to breathe to work. Leave an access panel in place since the internal seal wears out after some years and will need replacing.
1 each · Vent grille
AB-10Clear upDispose of pipe offcuts and wipe down the work area. Remove the dust sheet and bucket, and run the water once more to double-check for leaks. Make a note of where the valve is fitted in case it needs replacing later.

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